{"id":39748,"date":"2020-05-21T18:22:00","date_gmt":"2020-05-21T17:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/discover-ravenna-monuments-theodoric-justinian\/"},"modified":"2023-12-22T01:46:20","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T00:46:20","slug":"discover-ravenna-monuments-theodoric-justinian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/en\/discover-ravenna-monuments-theodoric-justinian\/","title":{"rendered":"Discover Italy: Monuments in Ravenna at the times of Theodoric and Justinian"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/emiliaromagnaturismo.it\/en\/towns\/ravenna\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ravenna<\/a><\/strong> is without any doubt <strong>one of the most important cities of the Italian, European and Mediterranean Early Middle Ages<\/strong>. However, despite everything, including its rich <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/follow-your-way\/unesco-monuments-ravenna\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Unesco heritage<\/a><\/strong>, which is well-known and celebrated worldwide, the city has never had that fame that characterized many other Italian destinations.<\/p>\n<p>Nonetheless, <strong>Ravenna played a fundamental role<\/strong> during those centuries (5th-6th century AD) that marked the beginning of the Middle Ages in Europe, affecting as a consequence the modern and contemporary balances.<\/p>\n<p>Thanks to the monuments and the evidences that are still existing and visible, we can go back to 1500 years ago, and try together to trace back how it used to look <strong>the topography of the city at the times of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Theodoric_the_Great\">Theodoric<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Justinian_I\">Justinian<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_48531\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-48531\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-48531\" src=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Ravenna_6_secolo-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Ravenna (VI secolo)\" width=\"1200\" height=\"589\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Ravenna_6_secolo-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Ravenna_6_secolo-300x147.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Ravenna_6_secolo-1024x502.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Ravenna_6_secolo-768x377.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Ravenna_6_secolo-1536x753.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Ravenna_6_secolo-2048x1005.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-48531\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ravenna (6th century) | Credit: design.tre.digital<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"title-evidenza\">Becoming a capital&#8230;<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The good fortune of the city was undoubtedly linked to the<strong> transfer of the capital of the Western Roman Empire from Milan to Ravenna<\/strong>. We\u2019re talking about 402-403 AD.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Honorius<\/strong>, second to last western emperor, was afraid of the barbaric pressure coming from the Alps; for this reason, he decided to\u00a0<strong>move all his dignitaries and officials to Romagna<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Away from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/en\/via-emilia-history-and-origins-of-a-region-in-10-points\">Via Emilia<\/a> and the main communication routes (except for the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Via_Popilia\">Via Popilia<\/a>), in this area marked by lagoons and brackish waters, hard to be reached by any possible enemies, feeling finally safe, he founded a steady government.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The city underwent a massive change<\/strong>. From a little Roman centre, it <strong>suddenly<\/strong> developed, turning into a <strong>capital<\/strong>. Hence, the new challenge was to equip it with a number of infrastructures that measured up the city\u2019s new institutional role.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_59664\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-59664\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-59664\" src=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/basilica_apollinare_nuovo_Ravenna-1.jpg\" alt=\"Basilica di Sant'Apollinare Nuovo (Ravenna) \" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/basilica_apollinare_nuovo_Ravenna-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/basilica_apollinare_nuovo_Ravenna-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/basilica_apollinare_nuovo_Ravenna-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/basilica_apollinare_nuovo_Ravenna-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-59664\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ravenna (RA), Basilica of Sant&#8217;Apollinare Nuovo | Credit: ravennasagreeventi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"title-evidenza\">A changing city<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>First of all, the <b>urban walls were extended<\/b>: in little time the surface of the city grew from 33 to 166 ha. Despite the passing of centuries and the subsequent renovation works, you can still see some of the original walls: just walk along Via Porta Aurea or cross Piazzale Torre Umbriatica and you\u2019ll see them.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, the city was enhanced with <strong>new roads<\/strong>, some of which built from already existing paths. One above all deserves a mention: the huge porticoed road (today the central Via Mariani), discovered during the diggings at the beginning of the 21<sup>st<\/sup> century, connected the area of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/cathedral-basilica-ursiana\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ravenna Cathedral<\/a> with the area of the imperial palace, which today corresponds to the Basilica of Sant\u2019Apollinare Nuovo.<\/p>\n<p>Even the waterways<b>\u00a0<\/b>became and still are a fundamental aspect of the area: the river and torrent Padenna met right in the heart of the city centre, at the height of the area that today hosts the city\u2019s indoor market (Mercato Coperto). There were even two canals, one was Fossa Lamises and the other <a href=\"http:\/\/www.treccani.it\/enciclopedia\/fossa-augusta\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fossa Augusta<\/a>, which connected the city to the Venetian lagoon and presumably flew near the current Via di Roma.<\/p>\n<p>Between the 5th\u00a0and the 6th\u00a0century, Ravenna lived <b>a real rebirth in the local construction industry<\/b>, featuring imposing public buildings, huge <i>domus <\/i>and infrastructures. All this expansion meant to answer the peculiar needs of the court and the emperor, and subsequently, of the Gothic masters, the exarch and bishops.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_59666\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-59666\" style=\"width: 1500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-59666\" src=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Domus-1.jpg\" alt=\"Domus dei Tappeti di Pietra (Ravenna)\" width=\"1500\" height=\"616\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Domus-1.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Domus-1-300x123.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Domus-1-1024x421.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Domus-1-768x315.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-59666\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ravenna (RA), Domus of the Stone Carpets | Credit: imone Masini<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"title-evidenza\">Religion in the time of Theoderic<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The urban development was further enhanced by the <b>spread of the Christian faith<\/b>, which was almost unknown before the arrival of the emperor, and that saw many ecclesiastic authorities carve out some spaces for themselves in the city. An example is the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/neonian-baptistery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Neonian Baptistery<\/a>, Unesco monument built towards the first half of the 5th century.<\/p>\n<p>The city started in this way to feature <b>two focus points<\/b>: on the one side <b>the religious pole<\/b>, rising around the bishop\u2019s palace (which is still available, you just need to visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/unesco-world-heritage\/chapel-santandrea-archiepiscopal-chapel\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chapel of Sant\u2019Andrea<\/a>); on the other was the <b>city pole<\/b>, <b>gravitating around the imperial palace<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>These two poles were sided by a <b>third one<\/b>: as a matter of fact, at the end of the 5th\u00a0century, Theodoric brought with him his folk of Arian religion, which started to live in an area without buildings located at the edges of the city that today is identified by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/arian-baptistery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Arian Baptistery<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/basilica-spirito-santo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Church of Santo Spirito<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"title-evidenza\">The great imperial palace<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_59668\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-59668\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-59668\" src=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/palazzoteodorico-e1590082402306.jpg\" alt=\"Palazzo di Teodorico (cosiddetto), Ravenna\" width=\"1200\" height=\"840\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/palazzoteodorico-e1590082402306.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/palazzoteodorico-e1590082402306-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/palazzoteodorico-e1590082402306-1024x717.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/palazzoteodorico-e1590082402306-768x538.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-59668\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ravenna (RA), (So-called) Theoderic&#8217;s Palace | Credit: RavennaTourism<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The most important element of the transformation of Ravenna\u2019s urban texture remains the construction of a majestic <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/archaeology\/theoderics-palace-so-called\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">imperial palace<\/a><\/strong> that didn\u2019t survive to the present day.<\/p>\n<p>The only things left that prove its existence are the different types of material, discovered during some archaeological diggings at the beginning of the 20<sup>th<\/sup> century, and the depictions in the mosaics inside the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/basilica-santapollinare-nuovo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Basilica of Sant\u2019Apollinare Nuovo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>This was not the only existing building, but it was <strong>just one part of a bigger complex of rooms<\/strong> that covered that wide-area comprised today between the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/basilica-san-giovanni-evangelista\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Church of San Giovanni Evangelista<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/basilica-of-santa-maria-in-porto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Church of Santa Maria in Porto<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Among the several rooms, the complex also hosted a room dedicated to the soldier\u2019s lodgings stationing at the palace, the Palatin Chapel (today Basilica of San\u2019Apollinare Nuovo), the \u201cMoneta Aurea\u201d (site of the royal mint) and the circus, which might be recalled by the current similar-sounding toponym \u201cVia Cerchio\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>If you want to find some hints of the presence of this complex, you can visit the (so-called) Palace of Theodoric. Even if it is actually a more recent building, dating back to the Carolingian epoch, it was probably built over the foundations of the Palace, as some of the mosaics discovered inside prove.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"title-evidenza\">The development of private and religious construction<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The economic growth and the increasing number of investments between the 5th\u00a0and 7th\u00a0century <b>encouraged a new life to private construction industry<\/b>. Some important archaeological diggings brought to light some buildings for residential use.<\/p>\n<p>The most important example was the <a href=\"https:\/\/domusdeitappetidipietra.it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Domus of the Stone Carpets<\/a>, a site you can still visit, located in the historical centre of the city.<\/p>\n<p>It features a sequence of prestigious houses of Augustan age, all incorporated in one big dwelling, maybe belonged to a high dignitary of the imperial court, used even later in Byzantine times.<\/p>\n<p><b>The buildings that mostly affected the landscape of the city<\/b><span lang=\"EN-US\"> between the 5th\u00a0and 6th\u00a0century, though, were without any doubts the <b>churches<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"EN-US\">It\u2019s thanks to the construction of places of worship that Ravenna gained a monumental profile of the highest level, worthy of its role as the royal seat.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_48539\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-48539\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-48539\" src=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/ra2016ravennabasilica_di_san_vitalew17160wwikiwalter-1-e1541157857987.jpg\" alt=\"Basilica di San Vitale (Ravenna)\" width=\"1200\" height=\"801\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/ra2016ravennabasilica_di_san_vitalew17160wwikiwalter-1-e1541157857987.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/ra2016ravennabasilica_di_san_vitalew17160wwikiwalter-1-e1541157857987-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/ra2016ravennabasilica_di_san_vitalew17160wwikiwalter-1-e1541157857987-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/ra2016ravennabasilica_di_san_vitalew17160wwikiwalter-1-e1541157857987-768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-48539\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ravenna, Basilica di San Vitale | Credit: Wwikiwalter, via Wiki Loves Monumets 2016<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Not counting the cathedral, which had been the only church built before the transfer of the imperial court, at the beginning of the 5th century, the city saw a rather quick succession of new buildings rising, among which\u2015just to mention some of the most important you can still visit Santa Croce and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/unesco-world-heritage\/mausoleum-of-galla-placidia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mausoleum of Galla Placidia<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/basilica-san-giovanni-evangelista\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Giovanni Evangelista<\/a>, the Church of Sant\u2019Agata and the Basilica Apostolorum, now <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/basilica-san-francesco\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Basilica of San Francesco<\/a>, with its flooded crypt and original mosaics dating back to the 5th\u00a0century.<\/p>\n<p>The same <b>policy of improvements continued even during Theodoric\u2019s rule<\/b> (493-526AD), building in this period the Church of Sant\u2019Apollinare Nuovo, the Church of San Teodoro (later named Santo Spirito), along with the \u201cEcclesia Gothorum\u201d, a building from which were presumably taken the capitals with the initials of the king written on it that today embellish the Venetian Loggetta in Piazza del Popolo.<\/p>\n<p>The <b>fervent activity<\/b> of the Gothic king was sided by the works asked by the <b><i>Episcopal circles<\/i><\/b>. The most important businesses were recorded during the bishopric of Agnello and Maximianus (second half of the 5<sup>th<\/sup> century), supported of course by the financier <strong>Julian l\u2019Argentario<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Despite all the political changes, this was maybe the most prosperous period for the city, during which was also ended the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/basilica-san-vitale\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Basilica of San Vitale<\/a>, undoubtedly one of the most prestigious buildings of late Antiquity and the little <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/church-of-san-michele-in-africisco\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Church of San Michele in Africisco<\/a>, today house to a famous boutique of the city centre, whose mosaic decoration is preserved inside the <a href=\"http:\/\/bode360.smb.museum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bode Museum in Berlin<\/a>. Lastly, during these years, was also built the imposing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/religious-buildings\/basilica-santapollinare-classe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Basilica of Sant\u2019Apollinare in Classe<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_80098\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-80098\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-80098\" src=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ravenna-parco-archeologico-classe-ph.pier-giorgio-carloni-solo-per-uso-editoriale-shutterstock_768138037.jpg\" alt=\"Ravenna (RA), Parco Archeologico di Classe\" width=\"1200\" height=\"901\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ravenna-parco-archeologico-classe-ph.pier-giorgio-carloni-solo-per-uso-editoriale-shutterstock_768138037.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ravenna-parco-archeologico-classe-ph.pier-giorgio-carloni-solo-per-uso-editoriale-shutterstock_768138037-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ravenna-parco-archeologico-classe-ph.pier-giorgio-carloni-solo-per-uso-editoriale-shutterstock_768138037-1024x769.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.travelemiliaromagna.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/ravenna-parco-archeologico-classe-ph.pier-giorgio-carloni-solo-per-uso-editoriale-shutterstock_768138037-768x577.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-80098\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ravenna (RA), Parco Archeologico di Classe | Credit: Pier Giorgio Carloni, via Shutterstock (solo per uso editoriale)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"title-evidenza\">The great commercial port of Ravenna<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>The great Port of the city<\/strong> flourished, right there, near the Basilica of Sant\u2019Apollinare in Classe, founded at the beginning of the 5th century, when the capital was transferred.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The suburb of Classe became Ravenna\u2019s entrance door to the Mediterranean<\/strong>, as the mosaics in the Basilica of Sant\u2019Apollinare Nuovo prove.<\/p>\n<p>From there, millions of goods and foodstuff were shipped and delivered, connecting Ravenna to the Aegean area, Asia Minor and Palestine. It became a crossroad of people, objects and knowledge, all well explained in the <a href=\"https:\/\/classisravenna.it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Classis Museum<\/a>, in the Classe Archaeological Park and in the collections of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.turismo.ra.it\/en\/culture-and-history\/museums\/ravenna-national-museum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Museum in Ravenna<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The museum is part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.parcoarcheologicodiclasse.it\/\">Archaeological Park of Classe<\/a>, which awaits tourists and citizens, ready to tell the history of a city and its territory across the centuries that preceded the Middle Ages.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ravenna is without any doubt one of the most important cities of the Italian, European and Mediterranean Early Middle Ages. However, despite everything, including its rich Unesco heritage, which is well-known and celebrated worldwide, the city has never had that fame that characterized many other Italian destinations. Nonetheless, Ravenna played a fundamental role during those [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":48544,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[469],"tags":[501,471,466],"durata":[],"target":[],"class_list":["post-39748","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cultural-travel-ideas","tag-archaeology","tag-history","tag-itineraries"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Discover Italy: Monuments in Ravenna at the times of Theodoric and Justinian | Travel Emilia Romagna<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A virtual tour in Ravenna to learn about the history and transformations of one of the most important cities of the Late Antique Mediterranean\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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